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Shaykh al-Ansari has stated that the obligation of the above (i.e. advising/informing the ignorant.) is regarding ignorance in relation with the Islamic rule for the obligation of conveying the duties in order that the duty may continue for all time, by the one who is present propagating to the one who is absent. The scholar/one who knows, in reality is a missionary from God in order to complete the authority upon the ignorant, so that the ability of obedience and disobedience can be established in such a person (i.e. the ignorant). 5
III. Traditions: From them is the Authentic (sahih) report from 'Isa bin Mansur, of Abu 'Abd-Allah ('a) who stated: " it is obligatory for a believer to admonish another believer.
Another tradition is the Authentic (sahih) report from Mu'awiyah bin Wahab of Abu 'Abd-Allah ('a) "it is an obligation for a believer upon another believer that he admonishes him."6 In this way these Authentic tradition indicate the obligation of admonishing (al-nasihah) and guidance to the Islamic rules (al-ahkam) upon the believer who knows, to the believer who doesn't know such rulings, this advising/admonishing is [deemed] as guidance.
It is stated in the footnote/margin (hamish) of al-Kafi that the counsel of a believer of another towards a believer, is to guide him to that which is beneficial for his faith and his worldly affairs. 7
It should be clear that the subject of guidance is ignorance of the rule (al-hukm), through which it is distinguished from Enjoining good and Prohibiting from that which is deemed as reprehensible.
Thus the subject in this category is the actual act, contrary to that which is committed deliberately and in opposition to the canonical laws of Islam (al-Shar'), to the extent that the act is [deemed] as a sin and reprehensible.
As stated by al-Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Khui: The evidence conveying the obligation of Prohibiting the Reprehensible is specific [only] when such an act is issued from a person knowing it is reprehensible. In this case however, when there is ignorance of the rule, [then] that is not deemed as reprehensible, due to our supposition that the ignorance of a person [carrying out a reprehensible act] would have to be in actuality. 8
ENDNOTES
1 What is meant by Hukm, as defined by al-Shahid Baqir al-Sadr is; legislation issued by God to organise the life of mankind.
2 Surah al-Tauba. 9: 122
3 Misbah al-Fuqahah, vol. 1, p. 122
4 A collective obligation on the general Muslim populace, until one or few among them perform it, thus relieving the rest of the obligation.
5 Al-Makasib al-Muharramah: p. 10
6 Al-Wasail, vol. 11, p.594, chapter 30
7 Usul al-Kafi, vol.2, margin of p.166
8 Misbah al-Fuqahah, vol. 1, p. 118
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